Modern

Modern history opens into faster circulation: ships, print, finance, enslaved labor, scientific correspondence, constitutional argument, industrial machinery, mass politics, and global war.

Early Modern, Enlightenment, Revolutions, Industrial Age, World Wars, and Living Memory connect Tenochtitlan, Versailles, Paris, Menlo Park, Normandy, Berlin, Delhi, Cape Town, Baikonur, and modern protest sites.

Its events are often close enough to shape present institutions. They include colonial rule and independence, public health and surveillance, democratic reform and authoritarian violence, labor rights, nuclear fear, spaceflight, and the unresolved memory of the twentieth century.